Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca / CC BY-NC-SA Ciencia Policial, 183, 15-41 16 CIENCIAPOLICIAL El cambio de motor tiene su vertiente delictiva. El origen de dicho motor puede no ser lícito y, aunque el conductor del vehículo no sea responsable directamente de un delito de robo al no haber intervenido directamente en la sustracción del mismo, sí puede serlo de receptación si no posee la documentación que justifique que es comprador de buena fe. Dicha documentación trasladaría la responsabilidad del delito hacia el vendedor. La determinación de la responsabilidad penal es secundaria cuando la dificultad principal es saber si los motores instalados pertenecen o no a dicha motocicleta. Para ello se ha realizado un estudio que permite aproximar, usando métodos matemáticos que determinan el grado de pertenencia, si el motor que porta una motocicleta es el que ha sido instalado originalmente en la misma o si proviene de una motocicleta ajena. Palabras clave Motores; Vehículos sustraídos; Bastidor; Falsedad documental. Abstract The alteration of motorbike engines can be defined as the change of the original engine in order to achieve an improvement in the performance of the motorcycle. These changes can occur due to engine failure and the need for a replacement, which is initially legal, or a change to a higher engine which would give the motorbike more power, but also greater instability as the other components are not prepared for the increased power. Inadequate brakes may mean that the rider unwittingly puts his own safety and that of other road users at risk by using the altered engine. There is a criminal aspect to engine swapping. The origin of the engine may not be lawful and, although the driver of the vehicle is not directly responsible for a theft offence as he did not directly involve in the theft of the vehicle, he may be responsible for receiving it if he does not have the documentation justifying that he is a legitimate purchaser. Such documentation would shift the responsibility for the offence to the seller. The determination of criminal liability is secondary when the main difficulty is to know whether or not the installed engines belong to that motorbike. To this end, a study has been carried out to approximate, using mathematical methods that determine the degree of ownership, whether the engine fitted
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